Fireworks! Musical dynamics in Cirone’s “Allemande”

The second snare drum solo I tackled was the Allemande, channelling elements of a traditional German dance. Composer Anthony Cirone notes the form’s moderate 4/4 tempo, upbeats, and frequent short, running figures.

But the part that really got my heart thumping was a furious section of syncopation and rolls that build on the theme introduced in the simpler first section. And how the theme is reprised at the finale.

Etude 27 me

Cirone is keen on the dynamics of music. When we look at contemporary music, some drummers make the mistake of going full-bore throughout a solo. This style, ironically, takes away some of the power of the work. In music, as someone said, without a pianissimo, there is no fortissimo.

Jazz drummer Buddy Rich sometimes got knocked for his showy style and surly band leadership but when I saw him play live several times in the 1970s, I was mesmerized by his musical dynamics.  Buddy created counterpoint in his solos with a whispering snare roll or delicate transition to cymbals or drum rims. So when he went full bore and fast tempo it was like fireworks.

Fireworks

Percussionist and composer Anthony Cirone expores musical dynamics throughout his classic book of snare drum studies, Portraits in Rhythm.

I tucked into his Allemande, Etude 27, and practiced its different segments. Those included the simpler introductory theme and the piece’s trickier passages of sixteenth-notes, rolls, syncopation and rudiments such as the flam. Here and there I took out my pen and marked stick patterns with “R” for right hand and “L” for left hand, for better execution.

To give myself a break I sight-read through and enjoyed the next three segments of  this four-part study (Etudes 27-30) channeling an 18th century dance suite.  The Courante was lively.  The Sarabande was powerful.  The concluding Gigue was giving me trouble, so I tried to drop some of the rudiments in its trickier passages and just get the flow.

“Hot drumming”

During an early summer heatwave,  my daughter’s old room was a sauna, but it felt good drumming through Etude 27 with the occasional bead of sweat running down my back and forehead.  I found an old fan and turned it on to blow the hot air around.

I was enjoying the feel of the drumsticks and the sound and tactility of my CB “Percussion Internationale” snare drum. The drum with its U.S.-made heads and Taiwanese chrome shell lived up to that name, even it was a cheap knock-off scorned by some drum purists.

CB logo

My two-year-old cochlear implant hearing system on the right side evoked the richness of the drum’s sound — its pitch, depth and resonance. To me, the drum sounded beautiful.

When I was comfortable enough with Cirone’s Allemande study, Etude 27, I intended to ask my spouse and covid isolation partner, Nadine, to tape my second snare drum solo on my cell phone. But she was working from home — on her phone — so I taped it myself.

The video evidence

When I watched the tape I saw a sweaty middle-aged guy with posture issues looking a bit too lackadaisical for some of the fireworks that the piece demanded. I saw myself hitting a few rough patches. On the flip side, there were some nice changes between segments and my eyes bugged out during the syncopated rolls at the end, indicating I was locked in to the music.

I vowed to practice more to nail it.

Etude 27

 

Dusting off my snare drum

As winter approached, I set a goal of relearning some classic snare drum solos. But my grand plan to practice each night got pre-empted by Netflix. Dreams of drumming were shot down by the Tiger King and a dark Spanish drama: The Grand Hotel. Exacerbating this dilemma was the coronavirus lockdown — TV series and movies were a necessary diversion.

drum and stand

The snare drum beckoned, though. This instrument spans musical genres ranging from a military march to the backbeat in a rock song to a passage in classical music. I learned to play it starting in Grade 6, when my Mom Sheila spotted an advertisement for drum lessons in the Don Mills Mirror newspaper. She encouraged me to give the drums a try.

Rudiments and inspiration

My new music teacher, Glenn Price, started me off with the rudiments of snare drum playing. A rudiment is a musical building block. It can be simple, like a “flam” with its softer grace note preceding the louder strike on the beat. Or more complex, like a drum roll, in which each hand plays two beats that alternate into a buzz ranging from a whisper to a roar.

Flams, rolls, paradiddles, ruffs — these were some of the required rudiments of snare drumming I had to learn before tackling a piece of snare drum music.

I obtained a Remo practice pad to use at home. I beat the hell out of it for an hour each day after school, and got better at reading, and sight-reading, drum scores. The snare drum technique was a foundation for subsequent lessons on drum set and a variety of percussion instruments from timbales to the marimba.

One weekend, Glenn drove me to Long and McQuade’s music store in downtown Toronto to get my first drum kit. It was a beat-up but well-made dark-green-sparkle German Sonor Kit with a cracked Zildjian ride cymbal — the works for $175. I was thrilled.

I studied with Glenn through junior high and high school in the 1970s. In my one-hour lessons, he would push hard on percussion fundamentals and we would work on “independence” of the two hands and two feet on drum set. Then he would play a record album and we would listen and decode the drum part. I recall being mesmerized by Emerson, Lake and Palmer, King Crimson and other bands in his record collection.

Stepping stones

All these years later, I was dealing with a very different hearing system. My brain had to interpret signals from the cochlear implant in my right ear, and a conventional hearing aid in the left. These high-tech devices had helped restore hearing lost to an inner-ear condition called Meniere’s disease.

Understanding human speech was much easier, but hearing or playing music was still challenging. Percussion generally sounded crisp, though.

Perhaps the snare drum could be a stepping stone to get back into some music fundamentals.

In my 58th year, I hauled out my old snare drum and stand from the basement and set it up in my daughter’s room upstairs. In a hopeful touch, I placed a music stand behind it, and a pair of sticks on top of the drum.

Before I could dig into my first snare solo, I reacquainted myself with the drum.

My snare drum is not a purist’s dream. It is not worth much more than a few lattes at Starbucks. But it is solid and has a rich sound.

It is a CB Model, made in Taiwan, likely in the 1980s, in an era when the traditional U.S. drum manufacturers had come under heavy competition from offshore drums.  These knockoffs were not necessarily inferior instruments, but they were much cheaper. I believe CB is a cheaper model once made in Taiwan by the Pearl drum company based out of Japan. (This particular drum is actually my back-up snare. How I acquired it would be a story for another day.)

Deconstructing the snare drum

I took a closer look at my CB:

Its shell is deep and heavy, surfaced with what looks like a thick chrome plate. The heads are good-quality U.S.-made Remo and Evans.

The snares themselves are a cluster of thin wires stretched along the bottom head of the drum. When the top (or batter) head of the drum is struck, the wires resonate, sounding like buzzing wasps, against the lower (or snare) head.

snares

A snare control mechanism called a strainer allows me to engage the snare wires, or to disengage them from the bottom drum head, and to adjust tension in both on and off settings. When the snares are turned off, the drum sounds very different — hollower, minus the buzzing wasps.

snare mechanism

We don’t usually think of musical pitch in a snare drum, but the drummer can use a key to tighten or loosen the lugs and rims that hold both heads, changing the pitch and fullness of the sound. A circular mute knob can also dampen the top head for a flatter sound.

lug

A tiny air hole plays a huge role — it allows air to escape and the drum to resonate when it is struck. On this drum, the air hole sits just underneath the funky CB “Percussion Internationale” badge.

CB logo

The stand holding the drum has three adjusters to ensure the snare drum is tightly gripped, tilted according to the musician’s wish, and at the correct height.

My stand is designed for a seated drummer playing a set, so cannot be raised high enough to play standing. To learn a snare passage, I would have to sit on the bed in my daughter’s old room. Luckily, both our daughters would not have to plug their ears — they have left the nest for Scotland and the U.S., respectively.

stand

And finally, a pair of sticks.  A hardwood, like hickory, holds up to drumming demands. The 5B marking connotes a mid-sized thickness and heft.

sticks

The sticks strike the snare drum head but can also be used on the drum’s rim for a tinnier sound. Combining those two options is a “rimshot,” when the stick strikes the rim and head simultaneously. The sticks also have some resonance themselves — you can feel their vibrations in your hands when you play.

Enough talk

After dusting off my old snare drum and reacquainting myself with its components, I made a pilgrimage back to Long and McQuade’s on Toronto’s Bloor Street West. I wandered into the drum section and ogled some vintage kits as well as new electronic drums.

But my real mission was to find sheet music. Upstairs, I flipped through percussion sheet music and came upon a familiar music book of 50 drum solos that my teacher had introduced me to years ago. The wheels were turning.

My CB snare drum had been dusted — its chrome sparkled.

It was time to walk the talk.